From creepy, crawly fleas and lice to intestinal parasites and ear mites, cats are at risk for many common parasites. Parasite prevention is one of the most important—and most often overlooked—parts of your cat’s health care. In this blog, we’ll look at common cat parasites and why year-round preventatives matter for both indoor-only and outdoor cats.
Common Cat Parasites in Oregon
Here in Oregon, our mild, damp winters and moderate summers create the perfect environment for parasites to thrive year-round. While dozens of parasites can use cats as a host, the most common preventable ones include:
Fleas & Ticks
Biting parasites are among the most widespread pests in the Pacific Northwest. Fleas and ticks feed on blood and need a host to survive. When they bite, they cause itching and skin irritation, and can transmit dangerous diseases. Even a small number of bites can lead to serious health troubles.
Mange & Ear Mites
Mites are microscopic parasites that also live on the skin. Mites are incredibly contagious and can spread easily between cats and dogs. Ear mites specifically live in an animal’s ear canal, feeding on dead skin, oil, and earwax. They leave dark, crumbly debris in the ear canal that most closely resembles coffee grounds. Demodex mites, or mites that live on the skin, can cause excessive scratching, bald patches, skin irritation, and even painful sores if left untreated.
Roundworms, Hookworms, & Tapeworms
Intestinal parasites like roundworms, hookworms, and tapeworms live inside the digestive system. Symptoms of intestinal parasites vary, with some pets showing no signs at all. Affected pets may exhibit vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss. Younger animals, like puppies and kittens, are at the highest risk of parasite-related anemia and nutrient deficiencies.
Ringworm
Despite its name, ringworm is not caused by worms at all. It’s actually a very common infection caused by microscopic fungi. Ringworm is highly contagious and passes through direct contact. All domesticated animals, as well as humans, can be infected with ringworm.
How Do Cats Contract Parasites?
Most commonly, outdoor cats contract parasites from contact with wildlife. Even the most tame housecat can be an avid hunter. Their natural prey—rodents, birds, and squirrels—often carry parasites and transmissible diseases. Fleas and ticks can latch onto cats as they prowl through tall grasses or nap in cool, shady areas.
Are parasites a problem for indoor-only cats? The surprising answer is yes! We can track parasite eggs into the home on our shoes and clothing. Cats that hunt household pests like mice, cockroaches, and even house flies may ingest parasite eggs. Fleas are especially skilled at “hitching a ride” on other animals in the house. If you have a dog that goes for walks or hikes, your indoor-only cat is at higher risk of getting parasites from shared bedding, furniture, and food/water bowls.
Any cat can be exposed to dangerous parasites—even your indoor-only kitty!
There’s No Off-Season for Parasites
Oregon’s mild winters mean parasites don’t have an “off season” here. Ticks can look for hosts on 40-degree winter days, and fleas are active as soon as temperatures hit 50 degrees. Mosquitoes, which can carry roundworm and heartworm, emerge once daytime temperatures are consistently above 50 degrees and their populations surge with spring’s heavy rainfall.
If left unprotected, both dogs and cats are at risk of contracting parasites at any time of year.
Parasite Prevention for Cats
It’s important to only use cat-specific, veterinary-approved products for parasite prevention! Many topical parasite prevention products made for dogs can be toxic to cats. More specifically, avoid:
Permethrin: Flea and tick control products for dogs, such as collars and spot-on treatments, often contain permethrin. While dogs can easily detoxify this insecticide, it can be fatal to cats.
Essential oils: Many “natural” parasite preventatives use concentrated essential oils such as clove, peppermint, eucalyptus, and garlic. If ingested, these essential oils can damage cats’ kidneys and livers.
Over-the-counter parasite prevention: Not all over-the-counter preventatives are inherently dangerous to cats. But, because they aren’t regulated, there’s a higher chance of incorrect dosing. This can lead to accidental overdose.
Talk to Us About Cat Parasite Prevention!
Pet owners have plenty of options when it comes to parasite preventatives. It’s always best to talk to your veterinarian about the best option for your cat. Options include oral medications, topical treatments, and injectables. The most effective and convenient choice for your pet depends on their age, health, lifestyle, and any specific regional risks.
Year-round parasite prevention is a crucial piece of your cat’s health and comfort! Be sure to talk to your pet’s care team about your options at your pet’s next wellness visit at Pine Point Animal Hospital.